Understanding Winter Weather Alerts: What Do They Mean?
Winter weather can bring a variety of conditions, such as snow, ice, and strong winds. To help keep people safe, the National Weather Service issues alerts for different types of winter weather. These alerts come in different levels, each with its own meaning. It's important to know what each term means so you can prepare for the weather ahead.
Types of Winter Weather Alerts
1. Winter Weather Advisory
- What it means: A winter weather advisory is issued when snow, sleet, freezing rain, or blowing snow is expected. These conditions may cause some travel difficulties but are not severe enough to be classified as a warning.
- What to do: Be prepared for slippery roads and possible travel delays. Drive carefully.
2. Winter Storm Watch
- What it means: A winter storm watch is issued when there is a possibility of significant and hazardous winter weather within 48 hours. It doesn't mean the weather will definitely happen, but it could.
- What to do: Stay informed. Watch for updates as the weather develops.
3. Winter Storm Warning
- What it means: A winter storm warning is issued when a major winter weather event is expected, such as heavy snow, ice, or sleet. This could make travel very difficult or impossible.
- What to do: Avoid traveling if possible, and wait for conditions to improve.
4. Blizzard Warning
- What it means: A blizzard warning is issued when snow and strong winds combine to create low visibility and dangerous wind chills. Winds of at least 35 mph with snow reduce visibility to less than a quarter mile.
- What to do: Stay indoors, avoid travel, and stay warm. Blizzards can be life-threatening.
5. Lake-Effect Snow Warning
- What it means: This warning is issued when snow from lakes (called lake-effect snow) could create hazardous conditions. This is different from regular snow storms.
- What to do: Be prepared for heavy snow, especially if you live near large bodies of water like the Great Lakes.
6. Snow Squall Warning
- What it means: A snow squall warning is issued when a sudden burst of heavy snow and strong winds is expected. Snow squalls can happen quickly and create dangerous driving conditions.
- What to do: Stay off the roads during a snow squall. Snow accumulation can happen fast.
7. Ice Storm Warning
- What it means: An ice storm warning is issued when there is an expected ice accumulation of at least 1/4 inch. This can create slippery roads and power outages.
- What to do: Be careful when traveling and stay indoors if possible. Ice can make roads extremely dangerous.
Other Alerts
Freeze and Frost Watches/Warnings
- These warnings are issued when freezing temperatures could harm crops or cause other damage. It’s important to protect plants and animals in these conditions.
Wind Chill Warnings
- When temperatures are extremely low and wind speeds are high, it can cause dangerous wind chills. Wind chill warnings are issued to alert people to the risk of frostbite and hypothermia.
Winter weather alerts help you stay informed about what to expect during winter storms. Knowing the difference between a watch, warning, and advisory helps you prepare for conditions that could impact your safety and travel. Always stay updated with local weather reports and follow safety guidelines during severe weather events.
Sources:
- USA TODAY, December 9, 2024
- National Weather Service

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